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Understanding Compliance Risks

High vs. Low Risk Explained

Why Distinguishing High and Low Risk Matters

When evaluating compliance with General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the ePrivacy Directive (ePD), Privacy and Electronic Communications Regulations 2003 (PECR), and similar global regulations, understanding the difference between "High" and "Low" risk platforms is essential.

Compliance isn’t limited to cookies; it encompasses all tracking technologies and the handling of personal data.

What Defines "High Risk"

Platforms rated as "high risk" introduce potential non-compliance through practices that violate core principles of GDPR, ePD, and similar laws, such as:

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Tracking Before Consent

Violation: These platforms may block cookies until consent is given but activate other tracking technologies like beacons, pixels, or fingerprinting scripts. This violates GDPR’s explicit consent requirements (Articles 4(11) and 7) and ePD 5(3), as tracking of any kind requires consent.

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Third-Party Data Transfers

Violation: Platforms relying on "Consent as a Service" providers often transfer IP addresses or other personal data to the third party during the consent management process itself. This data transfer occurs before consent is obtained, exposing businesses to legal risks under GDPR (e.g., Article 6) and ePD.

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Lack of Transparency

Violation: Many high-risk platforms fail to clearly inform users that their IP address or other identifiers are being transmitted to third parties for consent processing, violating GDPR’s transparency requirements (Articles 12–14).

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Insufficient User Control

Violation: High-risk platforms may not offer granular control over all types of tracking, forcing users to accept all or none, which does not comply with GDPR’s emphasis on user choice and informed decision-making.

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For example
Some competitors block cookies before consent but allow beacons or pixel trackers to activate immediately. Additionally, by transmitting the visitor’s IP address to third-party Consent as a Service providers, they fail to comply with GDPR’s requirements for explicit consent and transparency, putting businesses at risk of regulatory fines.

What Defines "Low Risk"

Platforms rated as "low risk" adhere strictly to GDPR, ePD 5(3), PECR, and similar laws by ensuring:

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Explicit Consent Before Any Tracking

Requirement: All tracking technologies, including cookies, beacons, and pixels, can only activate after obtaining explicit user consent.

Implementation: Low-risk platforms block all tracking technologies—regardless of type—until consent is provided.

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First-Party Data Processing

Requirement: The data, including IP addresses or other identifiers, must not leave the website's direct control until the user consents.

Implementation: Low-risk platforms ensure all consent management and data handling occur within the website's infrastructure, avoiding external third parties.

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Granular Consent Management

Requirement: Users must have the ability to opt in or out of specific types of tracking technologies.

Implementation: Low-risk platforms provide detailed options for consent, allowing users to manage permissions transparently.

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For example
AesirX ensures no tracking technologies (cookies, beacons, pixels, or others) are activated, and no personal data is processed until explicit user consent is given. All operations remain under the control of the website owner without reliance on external services.

Protect User Data, Build Trust, and Enable Compliance

Why AesirX Stands Out

Third-party consent platforms and systems that permit non-cookie tracking technologies are considered high-risk. AesirX offers a transparent and compliant approach, helping protect your business while building trust with users.

Protect User Data, Build Trust, and Enable Compliance
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AesirX:  For a truly compliant first-party approach.

Gain a deeper understanding of why third-party Consent as a Service solutions fall short. Read the full breakdown in our technical guide.

Consent as a Service: Why Third-Party Solutions Lead to Non-Compliance

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People Also Ask

Find answers to key compliance concerns. Learn how AesirX CMP minimizes risks, supports GDPR and ePD standards, and ensures privacy-first data handling.

High-risk platforms often activate tracking technologies (e.g., beacons or pixel trackers) before explicit user consent or rely on third-party CMPs, risking non-compliance. Low-risk platforms block all tracking until consent is given and process data entirely within the website's infrastructure.

The ePrivacy Directive (ePD) specifically governs the confidentiality of communications and device-level interactions, requiring explicit consent for any data access on user devices. This scope extends beyond GDPR's focus on personal data.

Terminal access refers to any interaction with a user’s device that reads, writes, or modifies data, such as setting cookies, using pixel trackers, or manipulating local storage. These actions require explicit consent unless strictly necessary for a service requested by the user.

Third-party CMPs may preload trackers or transfer data (e.g., IP addresses) before consent is obtained. This practice violates transparency requirements and explicit consent obligations under GDPR and the ePrivacy Directive.

First-party CMPs give businesses direct control over data handling, eliminating third-party risks. They prioritize transparency, data minimization, and user empowerment, ensuring strict adherence to GDPR and ePrivacy Directive standards.